Recent Advances in HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders

HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are chronic complications of HIV infection in the central nervous system. Clinical presentations include asymptomatic impairment (ANI), mild (MND), and dementia (HAD). In era combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), prevalence HAD has significantly decreased, but rates ANI MND have increased, impairing patients’ daily functioning, medical adherence, employment, driving abilities, risk transmission, overall quality life, posing challenges to society, economy, families, public health. This article reviews latest research findings regarding pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis treatment, neuroimaging, neuropsychological assessment HAND, aiming provide insights into prevention management HAND.